Thornhayes Fruit Tree Range

Fruit Trees

In the comments column you will find a number category to suggest scab resistance for most of the apples and pears described.
The scale is as follows:
0 : No resistance – Total defoliation plus stem damage.
1 : Little resistance – Over 50% leaf area damaged, plus some stem damage. Strong reduction in vigour.
2 : Some resistance – Between 30% and 50% leaf area damage. Some reduction in vigour.
3 : Modest resistance – Between 10% and 30% leaf area damage. Slight reduction in vigour.
4 : Resistant – Up to 10% leaf area damage. Little reduction in vigour.
5 : Very resistant – Little or no leaf damage. No reduction in vigour.

Apple

VARIETY	ORIGIN	FLAVOUR	USE	SEASON	FLOWER PERIOD	COMMENTS (AND SCAB RESISTANCE CATEGORY)

Adams Pearmain originally Hanging Pearmain	Herefordshire before 1826	Juicy, rich aromatic	Dessert	Late to Very Late	2	Hardy and good bearer
Allington Pippin	Lincolnshire before 1884	Subacid aromatic	Dessert	Mid to Late	3	King of the Pippins X Coxs. Orange Pippin. A pineapple flavour (4)
Annie Elizabeth	Leicester c 1857	Sharp	Culinary	Late to Very Late	4	Hardy and vigorous (4)
Ashmeads Kernel	Gloucester c. 1700	Sweet, aromatic	Dessert	Late to Very Late	4	One of the finest late dessert apples (4)
Ashton Bittersweet	Long Ashton, Somerset 1947	Full Bittersweet	Cider	Early	Late	(5)
Balls Bittersweet	Herefordshire	Medium. Bittersweet.	Cider	Mid	Mid	Produces a full-bodied cider (4)
Barnack Beauty	Lincolnshire c. 1840	Subacid	Dessert, Culinary	Very Late	4	Very hardy. Heavy cropping (5)
Beauty of Bath	Bath, Somerset, before 1864	Sweet	Dessert	Early	2	Heavy cropping (4)
Bell Apple syn. Sweet Sheeps Nose	Somerset	Sweet	Cider, Culinary	Mid	Mid	A distinctly shaped apple once common in Somerset and East (4) Devon
Bens Red	Trannack, Cornwall c 1830	Sweet	Dessert	Second Early to Mid	2	A Devonshire Quarrenden seedling. Sturdy and heavy cropping (5)
Bickington Grey	Devon pre 1934	Sharp	Cider	Mid	Mid	A rare variety from South Devon (5)
Billy Down Pippin	Membury, Axminster, Devon	Sweet	Cider, Dessert		Early to Mid	Supposedly a corruption of Bewley Down near Membury (4)
Black Dabinett syn. Tommy Rodford	Somerset	Medium. Bittersweet.	Cider	Late	Late	More vigorous than Dabinett with larger blue/purple fruits. Vintage quality (4)
Black Tom Putt	Taunton area, Somerset	Sharp	Culinary	Late to Very Late	Early	Darker red than ordinary 'Tom Putt' and a later keeper (4)
Blenheim Orange	Woodstock, Oxon c 1740	Excellent. Subacid to sweet	Dessert, Culinary	Mid to Late	3	A rich, distinctive apple at its best around Christmas (4)(C)
Bramley's Seedling	Southwell, Notts c 1810	Sharp	Culinary	Late	3	The most popular commercial cooking apple (4)(C)
Brown Snout	Hereford, mid 19th century	Medium. Bittersweet.	Cider	Mid	Mid to Late	Heavy cropper of good quality juice. Self-fertile (5)
Brownlees Russet	Hertfordshire c 1848	Sweet subacid. Aromatic, nutty	Dessert	Very Late	3	At best when kept until February (4)
Browns Apple	Staverton, Nr Totnes, Devon	Full Sharp	Cider	Early to Mid	Mid	Vintage quality (5)
Captain Broad	Cornwall	Bittersweet	Cider			(5)
Charles Ross	Berkshire 1880s	Sweet	Dessert, Culinary	Mid to Late	3	(4)
Claygate Pearmain	Surrey before 1821	Sweet, aromatic, rich	Dessert	Late to Very Late	3	(4)
Colemans Seedling	Devon	Sharp	Cider	Mid	Mid	A healthy, heavy cropper (5)
Colloget Pippin syn. Cornish Giant	Landulph,Tamar Valley, Cornwall	Sharp	Cider, Culinary	Mid	Early to Mid	Produces a dry light cider. One of the many varieties rescued by James Evans (5)
Cornish Aromatic	Before 1813, probably much older	Sweet, subacid, aromatic, spicy	Dessert	Late	4	(4)
Cornish Gilliflower	Truro, Cornwall before 1800	Sweet and aromatic	Dessert	Late to Very Late	4	(4)
Cornish Mother	Cornwall pre 1884	Sweet	Dessert	Mid	Mid to Late	A very old variety. Possibly the progenitor of American Mother
Court of Wick	Yatton, Somerset before 1790	Subacid, rich	Triple	Very Late		A high quality, once very popular variety. Very hardy (5)
Court Pendu Plat	First described 1613 but much older	Sweet, rich perfumed	Dessert	Very Late	6	Widely known by many names throughout Europe. Possibly grown by the Romans (5)
Crimson Victoria	Shute, Axminster, Devon		Cider	Mid	Early to Mid	Found only in one orchard at Shute. Unknown elsewhere (4)
Dabinett	Somerset	Medium Bittersweet	Cider	Late	Late	Tree rather small and twiggy, but a heavy cropper of very high quality (4)
Devonshire Quarrenden	Devon, first recorded 1678	Sweet, subacid	Dessert	Second Early	2	Juicy crisp fruits with distinct strawberry, winey taste (4)
Don's Delight	Devon	Sharp, rich		Mid to Late	Early to Mid	A worthy seedling, brought to our attention by Don Cockman of Radio Devon fame (4)
Dredges Fame	Salisbury, Wilts before 1802	Rich and fruity	Dessert	Late	2	(4)
Duke of Cornwall	Restonguet, Cornwall	Sharp	Culinary	Late	Mid to Late	A quality cooking apple for storing (5)
Ellis' Bitter	Newton St Cyres, Devon 19th centure	Medium Bittersweet.	Cider	Mid	Late	(5)
English Codling	England	Sharp and perfumed	Culinary	Early to Mid	Early to Mid	One of the oldest English apples (4)
Fair Maid of Devon	Devon	Full Sharp	Cider	Mid	Mid	Compact tree. Produces a high percentage of juice. Vintage quality (5)
Farmers Glory	Devon	Sharp becoming sweet	Dessert, Culinary	Early to Late	4	A large vigorous disease-resistant tree (5)
George Cave	Essex 1923	Crisp, juicy, slightly acid	Dessert	Early	2	(4)
Gilliflower of Gloucester	Gloucestershire	Sweet, scented	Dessert	Early to Mid	2	(4)
Golden Ball	Dorset	Medium Sharp	Cider	Mid to Late	Late	An old variety from the Netherbury area of West Dorset (4)
Golden Bittersweet	Netherton, Devon 19th century	Bittersweet	Cider	Late	Mid	A large variety that stores well. Rediscovered by this nursery in an old orchard in East Devon (5)
Golden Knob	Somerset 18th century	Sweet, nutty	Dessert	Late to Very Late	3	A little russetted apple with a fruity aromatic taste (5)
Halstow Natural	Tedburn St Mary, Devon	Sweet	Cider		Early to Mid	(5)
Harry Masters Jersey	Somerset	Medium Bittersweet	Cider	Mid to Late	Mid to Late	A compact tree that produces high quality juice (5)
Improved Keswick	Tamar Valley	Subacid	Dessert, Culinary	Mid to Late	Mid	Sweetens in store. Keeps longer than ordinary Keswick Codlin
Improved Redstreak	Herefordshire	Bitter Sharp	Cider	Mid	Early	(4)
Keswick Codlin	Lancashire 1790	Sharp	Culinary	Second Early	2	(5)
Killerton Sharp	Killerton, Devon	Sharp	Cider		Mid	Original trees discovered in 1950s at Killerton (3)
Killerton Sweet	Killerton, Devon	Sweet	Cider	Mid	Mid	Original trees only found at Killerton (4)
Kingston Bitter	Devon	Medium Bittersweet	Cider	Mid to Late	Mid	A large prolific tree (4)
Kingston Black syn. Black Taunton	Somerset late 19th century	Medium Bittersharp	Cider	Mid	Mid	Probably the best vintage cider variety (4)
Lady Henniker	Suffolk 1840s	Good, slightly acid	Dessert, Culinary	Late	4	A hardy vigorous variety, long popular in Devon (4)
Lady Sudeley (originally Jacobs Strawberry)	Kent c 1849	Sweet but brisk	Dessert	Early	4	Grown extensively for market in 1890s in Gloucestershire (5)
Lake's Kernel	Ashleworth, Glos	Rich, aromatic	Dessert	Late	Mid to Late
Langworthy syn. Sour Natural, Wyatts Seedling	Devon	Medium Sharp	Cider	Mid	Mid	A good cropper (4)
Lord Derby	Cheshire 1862	Sharp	Culinary	Mid	4	A hardy reliable cropper, tolerant of wet sites (4)
Lucombes Pine	Exeter, Devon c 1800	Rich, aromatic, pineapple-like	Dessert	Mid to Late	4	Raised at the nursery of Lucombe and Pince, St Thomas, Exeter (5)
Lucombes Seedling syn. Kirton Fair	Exeter, Devon before 1830	Subacid, spicy	Dessert	Mid to Very Late	2	Grown inWest Cornwall in 1920s as Newquay Prizetaker for market (4)
Morgan Sweet	Somerset 18th century	Sweet	Cider, Dessert	Early	Early	Heavy cropper. High juice yield. Will provide light cider before Christmas (5)
Newton Wonder	Derbyshire c 1870	Sharp	Culinary	Late to Very Late	5	A vigorous large tree (5)
Nine Square	West of England before 1824	Sweet	Dessert, Culinary	Mid to Late	4	An old variety once thought extinct (5)
Northwood syn.Woodbine	Crediton area, Devon 18th century	Sweet	Cider	Late	Mid	Produces a soft fruity cider (5)
Oaken Pin	Devon, the Exe valley before 1876	Juicy, sweet and aromatic	Dessert	Mid to Late	3	Once very common on Exmoor. A good bearer (4)
Old Somerset Russet	Somerset, probably 19th century	Subacid with hint of pineapple	Dessert	Late	5	(4)
Peter Lock	Buckfastleigh, Devon, early 19th century	Sweet, scented	Dessert	Very Late	2	Cooks to a sweet, smooth puree (5)
Pigs Nose (Type III)	Devon/Cornwall	Sweet/subacid	Dessert	Mid	Mid	(5)
Pitmaston Pineapple	Stoke Edith, Herefordshire c 1785	Rich pineapple-like	Dessert	Mid to Late	2	Small, distinct, delicious fruits (4)
Plympton Pippin	Tamar Valley	Subacid	Culinary	Late	Mid	Very large green apples (4)
Poltimore Seedling	Farway, Devon	Sharp	Culinary	Late to Very Late	Mid	An excellent healthy tree (5)
Pomeroy of Somerset syn.The Old Pomeroy	Before 1851	Crisp, sweet, juicy, highly flavoured	Dessert	Mid to Late	3	A very old variety once extensively grown (4)
Ponsford	Devon 19th century	Acid	Cider, Culinary	Very Late	3	An excellent old variety. Vigorous, healthy (4)
Profit	Somerset before 1824	Sharp	Culinary	Mid		A very healthy variety (5)
Reverend McCormick	Broadclyst, Devon c 1900	Sweet	Dessert, Culinary	Late		Named after the vicar of the time
Ribston Pippin	Yorkshire c 1700	Subacid, sweet aromatic	Dessert	Late	2	Mother of Coxs Orange Pippin. A hardy and worthy variety (5)
Rosemary Russet	England before 1831	Sweet to subacid, aromatic	Dessert	Late to Very Late	3	Perhaps the best flavoured of the russets (5)
Royal Somerset	Somerset before 1818	Juicy, sweet	Cider, Culinary	Mid to Very Late	Mid to Late	(4)
Severn Bank	Gloucestershire / Herefordshire	Sharp	Cider	Mid	Mid	Produces a distinct high quality juice
Spotted Dick	Devon	Mild Bittersweet	Cider	Late	Mid	Mentioned in Min. of Ag. lists in the 1940s. Rediscovered at Feniton Court in 1995 (4)
St Edmunds Pippin syn. St Edmunds Russet	Suffolk 1870	Juicy, sweet and aromatic	Dessert	Mid	2	The earliest russett. Semi self fertile (4)
Stockbearer	Landkey, North Devon	Sharp	Culinary	Mid	Mid	(5)
Sweet Alford	Devon, early 18th Century	Sweet	Cider	Mid	Mid	A large heavy bearing tree. Very valuable vintage quality (4)
Sweet Cleave syn. Flanders Pippin	Barnstaple area, Devon, before 1831	Sweet to Subacid	Cider, Dessert	Mid to Late	Early	(4)
Tale Sweet	Tale, near Honiton, Devon	Mild Bittersweet	Cider	Mid	Early to Mid	(5)
Tan Harvey	Cornwall	Bittersweet	Cider	Mid	Early to Mid	(5)
Tidicombe Seedling	Arlington, North Devon, 1978	Sweet	Dessert	Mid to Very Late	Early to Mid	Originated as a seedling at Tidicombe Hall,Arlington (4)
Tom Putt	Trent, Somerset or Gittisham, Devon 18th century	Sharp	Cider, Culinary	Second Early to Mid	2	A justifiably popular old west country cooking and cider apple. Makes a pleasant dessert fruit (4)(C)
Totnes Apple	Dartington, Devon	Sweet	Dessert		Early to Mid	Historically sold at Totnes Market, hence the name
Tregonna King	Cornwall	Sweet	Dessert, Culinary	Late	Mid to Late	Huge fruits (4) (C)
Tremletts Bitter	Exe Valley, Devon late 19th century	Full Bittersweet	Cider	Early	Early	Flowers very frost resistant. Heavy cropper (4)
Upton Pyne	Devon c 1900	Subacid, aromatic	Dessert, Culinary	Late to Very Late	3	Crisp and juicy (3)
Vallis Apple	Somerset	Sharp	Cider, Dessert	Mid	Early to Mid	Also known as Redskins. Sold in the past in Bristol as a dessert apple
Veitches Perfection	Devon 19th century		Dessert, Culinary	Mid to Late	Early to Mid	Bred by the Veitch nursery of Exeter (5)
Warners King	Kent 18th Century	Sharp	Culinary	Mid to Late	2	Known in South Devon as Great Britain (5)
Warrior	Dorset 18th or 19th century		Dessert, Culinary	Early to Second Early	Early to Mid	An old variety once thought extinct (5)
William Crump	Worcestershire 1908	Rich and sweet	Dessert	Late to Very Late	5	A high quality dessert apple (4)
Winter Stubbard	Devon	Sweet/subacid	Cider, Culinary	Late	4	(4)

Apricot

VARIETY	FLAVOUR	SEASON	USE	FLOWER PERIOD	COMMENTS (AND SCAB RESISTANCE CATEGORY)
Golden Glow		August	Dessert, Culinary	Self fertile	A hardy variety from Worcestershire
Tom Cott	Sweet and rich	Jul/Aug	Dessert, Culinary	Self fertile	A new more reliable variety

Cherry

VARIETY	FLAVOUR	SEASON	USE	FLOWER PERIOD	COMMENTS (AND SCAB RESISTANCE CATEGORY)
Birchenhayes, (Early Birchenhayes)	Sweet and juicy	Early	Dessert, Culinary	Mid	From Birchenhayes Farm, St Dominic. A smaller grower than most other varieties
Bottlers syn. Preserving	Very good when fully ripe	Mid	Dessert, Culinary	Mid to Late	Traditionally preserved by bottling in the Landkey area of North Devon
Burcombe	Soft and juicy	Mid to Late	Dessert, Culinary	Late	Raised by W. Parkins, Burcombe Farm, St Dominic. Vigorous broad tree
Dun	Soft, juicy and sweet	Mid to Late	Dessert, Culinary	Mid	A North Devon Mazzard.Very disease resistant.Vigorous. Heavy cropping
Fice	Sweet		Dessert		Raised by Mr Fitz of St Dominic. The blackest, juiciest and best flavoured of the Tamar Valley cherries
Hannaford	Sharp	Early	Dessert, Culinary	Early	The earliest flowering of the North Devon Mazzards
Lapins (Cherokee)	Large black fruit. Upright growing		Dessert		Self fertile
Morello	Rich, juicy	Jul/Aug	Culinary	5	The best culinary cherry. Self fertile
Small Black		Mid	Dessert, Culinary	Mid to Late	One of the Landkey Mazzards. Self fertile
Summer Sun	A hardy, reliable, compact variety		Dessert		Self fertile
Sunburst		Late season (September)			Self fertile

Medlar

VARIETY	USE	COMMENTS (AND SCAB RESISTANCE CATEGORY)
Nottingham	Dessert, Culinary	The best flavoured variety. Self fertile

Pear

VARIETY	FLAVOUR	SEASON	USE	FLOWER PERIOD	COMMENTS (AND SCAB RESISTANCE CATEGORY)
Baronne de Mello	Small but delicious	Oct	Dessert	3	Fertile, hardy and regular cropper (4)
Beurre Hardy	Juicy, with a rosewater flavour	Oct	Dessert	3	Good regular cropper (4)
Clapps Favourite	Juicy, melting	Early Sept	Dessert		Vigorous and fertile (4)
Concorde	Sweet and juicy	Nov	Dessert	4	Self fertile. Compact and heavy cropping (4) (C)
Conference	Sweet and Juicy	Nov	Dessert	3	Regular and reliable. Semi self fertile (4)
Fondante de Automne	Melting, juicy, excellent	Sept/Oct	Dessert	2	Rather dwarf habit.Will not pollinate excellent Louise Bonne (4)
Gorham	Juicy with musky flavour	Mid to late Sept	Dessert	4	Hardy, moderate cropper (4)
Invincible		Sept	Dessert, Culinary	2	Hardy and prolific. Self fertile
Jargonelle	Sweet, juicy, musky	Early Aug	Dessert	3	Heavy cropper, scab resistant (4)
Merton Pride	Melting, juicy. Excellent Flavour	Mid to late Sept	Dessert	3	A hardy regular cropper (4)
Onward	Rich, Juicy	Sept	Dessert	4	A good cropper

Plum

VARIETY	FLAVOUR	SEASON	USE	FLOWER PERIOD	COMMENTS (AND SCAB RESISTANCE CATEGORY)
Belle De Louvain	Rich flavour when cooked	Late Aug	Culinary	5	Self fertile.Vigorous upright growth
Blaisdon Red	Sharp	Early Sept	Culinary	3	Vigorous and disease resistant Gloucestershire variety. Self fertile
Blue Tit	Sweet	Mid Aug	Dual	3	Hardy and self fertile
Bryanston Gage	Juicy, with good gage flavour	Sept	Dessert	3	Self incompatible.A good cropper. Originated near Blandford, Dorset 1800
Chrislin (Crisling)	Sweet	Oct/Nov	Dessert, Culinary		A damson/bullace type fruit. Traditionally grown in Mid/West Devon. Self fertile
Damson Merryweather		Early Sept	Culinary	3	Self fertile. Largest fruited damson. Bred in Nottinghamshire in 1907
Damson Prune (Shropshire Prune)	Excellent. The best flavoured damson	Sept/Oct	Culinary	5	Self fertile. Compact, upright tree
Deniston's Superb	Rich, delicious	Late Aug			Self fertile. One of the most reliable gages
Dittisham (Dittisham Ploughman)	Sweet/rich	Aug	Dessert, Culinary	2	Self fertile. Originated at Dittisham, Devon.A good plum for preserving
Dittisham Black	Sharp	Sept	Culinary		A damson-type fruit. Local to Dittisham on the River Dart.
Dunster Plum	Sweet		Dessert, Culinary		A plum grown locally in the Dunster area of Somerset. Some similarity to Victoria. Self fertile
Early Rivers	Juicy, sweet but with a brisk acidity	Late July/Early Aug	Culinary	3	Partly self fertile.A very heavy cropper
Early Transparent Gage	Sweet and rich	Mid/Late Aug	Dessert	4	Self fertile.A regular but not heavy cropper
Grey Plum	Sweet, juicy	Mid Aug	Dessert, Culinary		An old Cornish variety. Self fertile
Kea	Juicy, slightly acid	Mid Sept	Dessert, Culinary		Self fertile. Originates near Truro, Cornwall
Kirkes Blue	Sweet, juicy	Mid Sept	Dessert	4	A small spreading tree. Self sterile. A very choice variety
Landkey Yellow	Sweet, rich		Dessert, Culinary		Self fertile. A local North Devon variety. Traditionally propagated by suckers
Manaccan	Sweet, excellent	Early Sept	Dessert		Self fertile. One of the old Cornish varieties from the Kea and Manaccan area near Truro
Marjories Seedling	Juicy and sweet	Late Sept/Oct	Dessert, Culinary	5	Self fertile.Vigorous tree giving large black plums
Mirabelle ‘Gipsy’	Sweet and juicy	Aug/Sept	Dessert, Culinary		A reliable red-fruited form. Self fertile
Mirabelle ‘Golden Sphere’	Sweet and Juicy	Aug/Sept	Dessert, Culinary		A new variety.Golden fruit larger than ‘Gipsy’. Self fertile.
Mirabelle De Nancy	Sweet and juicy	Aug/Sept	Dessert, Culinary		A yellow form of the Cherry Plum (Prunus cerasifera). Abundant bearer. Makes excellent jam. Self fertile
Pershore (Yellow Egg)	Dry but good when cooked	Mid Aug	Culinary	4	Self fertile. Hardy. Disease resistant. Excellent jamming variety
Shepherds Bullace	Sharp	Sept/Oct	Culinary		A very old variety. Good for jam. Fruit green. Self fertile
Victoria	Sweet and juicy	Late Aug/Early Sept	Dessert	3	Self fertile.The most well known plum
Victoria (Willis clone)	Sweet and juicy	Late Aug/Early Sept	Dessert	3	Propagated from a tree over a century old, owned by MrWillis of Tiverton. Shows more resistance to silverleaf disease than the modern commercial clone
Warwickshire Drooper		Sept	Culinary	2	Self fertile. Vigorous, healthy. A good jam variety

Quince

VARIETY	USE	COMMENTS (AND SCAB RESISTANCE CATEGORY)
Meeches Prolific	Culinary	Self fertile, Pear-shaped fruits
Vranja	Culinary	Self fertile. Fruits large and pear-shaped

Fig

Brown Turkey

The most reliable variety for British Gardens

Mulberry

Morus alba	The White Mulberry. A small tree with edible fruits. The leaves are the food of silk moths
Morus nigra	The well known and venerable Black Mulberry
Morus nigra 'Chelsea'	A form from the Chelsea Physic Garden.Also known as ‘King James’
Morus nigra 'Jerusalem'	A selected fruiting form
Morus alba 'Pendula'	The Weeping White Mulberry. Sweet edible fruits produced on a small very pendulous tree

Nuts

Butler	A heavy cropper of large strong-flavoured nuts
Casina	A very productive Spanish variety of high quality
Cosford Cob	A good reliable variety.A good pollinator for other varieties and a heavy bearer of large nuts
Gunslebert	A heavy and reliable cropper of strong-flavoured nuts
Kent Cob (syn. Lamberts Filbert)	The most popularly planted nut tree. Hardy and reliable with a rich flavour
Red Filbert	An attractive form with red leaves and catkins, but produces good nuts

Sweet Chestnut
	Castanea sativa	The Sweet Chestnut is a large distinctive tree, first introduced to Britain by the Romans
	Castanea sativa 'Albo Marginata'	A form of the Sweet Chestnut with handsome creamy/yellow margined leaves
	Castanea sativa 'Maraval'	Produces large sweet nuts on a young tree
Walnut
	Juglans regia	The common or European walnut
	Juglans nigra	The American Black Walnut
	Juglans regia 'Broadview'	A self-fertile clone selected for nut production. Produces at a very young age
	Juglans regia 'Buccaneer'	Similar to ‘Broadview’ but a larger tree